Nezvezvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa - Cerium Oxide
Cerium oxidechinhu chisina kugadzirwa chine fomura yemakemikari inonzi CeO₂. Iupfu hweyero yakachenuruka kana yero-brown hune density ye7.13 g/cm₃ uye poindi yekunyunguduka ye2397°C. Hainyungudike mumvura uye mualkali, asi inonyungudika zvishoma muacid. Pa2000°C uye 15 MPa, cerium oxide inogona kuderedzwa nehydrogen kuti ibudisecerium trioxide. Pakupisa kuri pakati pe2000°C uye kumanikidzwa kuri pamusoro pe5 MPa, cerium oxide ine ruvara rweyero-tsvuku, dzimwe nguva rwepingi. Inoshandiswa sechinhu chekupukuta, catalyst, catalyst carrier (inowedzera), UV absorber, fuel cell electrolyte, automobile exhaust absorber, uye electronic ceramics.
Mashandisirwo
Oxidant. Catalyst ye organic reactions. Rare earth metal standard yekuongorora simbi. Redox titration analysis. Bvisa ruvara rwegirazi. Glass enamel sunscreen. Alloy inodzivirira kupisa.
Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinowedzera muindasitiri yegirazi, sechinogayiwa chegirazi replate, uye muzvizoro semushonga weUV. Yakawedzerwa kuti isanganisire girazi regirazi rinopukuta, magirazi emaziso, uye machubhu e cathode ray, zvichipa kuchenesa, kujekesa, uye kupinza mwenje we ultraviolet nema electron.
Ⅱ. Migumisiro Yepasi Isingawanzoitiki
1. Nyika Isina KujairikaMhedzisiro Yekukwesha
Upfu hwekugadzira hwakajairika hunopa zvakanakira kumhanya kwekupukuta nekukurumidza, kunaka kwekupedzisira, uye hupenyu hurefu hwebasa. Kana tichienzanisa nehupfu hwekugadzira hwechinyakare hweiron oxide, hune hushamwari kune nharaunda uye huri nyore kubvisa kubva mutsvina.Upfu hwekupukuta hweCerium oxideMagirazi anogona kupukutwa muminiti imwe chete, nepo mapoda epolish esimbi oxide anotora maminetsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu. Nokudaro, mapoda epolish evhu asina kuchena anopa zvakanakira zvemuyero mudiki, kumhanya kwekupukutwa nekukurumidza, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekupukutwa. Anogonawo kuvandudza kunaka kwekupukutwa uye nzvimbo yekushanda. Mapoda epolish egirazi asina kuchena anowanzogadzirwa kubva kuma oxides ane cerium yakawanda. Cerium oxide imusanganiswa wepolish unoshanda zvikuru nekuti unogona kupukutwa girazi panguva imwe chete kuburikidza nekuora kwemakemikari uye kukweshana kwemagetsi. Mapoda epolish evhu asina kuchena anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakamera ekupukutwa, malenzi emakamera evhidhiyo, machubhu emifananidzo yeterevhizheni, malenzi egirazi, nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa. Nyika yangu ine mafekitori akawanda epolish evhu asina kuchena, ane simba rekugadzira rinodarika matani zana. Baotou Tianjiao Qingmei Rare Earth Polishing Powder Co., Ltd., kambani yekubatana nevekunze, ndeimwe yemakambani makuru ekugadzira poda yepolish yevhu isina kuchena munyika yangu, ine simba rekugadzira rematani chiuru nemazana maviri pagore. Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinotengeswa munyika nekunze kwenyika.
2. Kubvisa ruvara rwegirazi
Magirazi ese ane iron oxide, iyo inogona kuiswa mugirazi kuburikidza nezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, jecha, limestone, uye cullet mugirazi batch. Iripo mumhando mbiri: divalent iron, iyo inoshandura girazi kuita bhuruu rakasviba, uye trivalent iron, iyo inorishandura yero. Kubvisa ruvara kunosanganisira oxidizing divalent iron ions kuita trivalent iron, sezvo trivalent iron ine chikamu chimwe chete mugumi chesimba re divalent counterpart yayo. Color corrector inozowedzerwa kuti ibvise ruvara kuita green yakareruka.
Zvinhu zvisingawanzoonekwi zvepasi zvinoshandiswa pakubvisa ruvara rwegirazi zvinonyanya kushandiswa cerium oxide ne neodymium oxide. Zvishandiso zvemagirazi zvisingawanzoonekwi zvinotsiva zvishandiso zvechinyakare zvearsenic chena, zvichivandudza kushanda zvakanaka uku zvichidzivirira kusvibiswa kwearsenic. Cerium oxide ine zvakanakira zvekugadzikana pakupisa kwakanyanya, mutengo wakaderera, uye kusanyudzwa kwechiedza chinoonekwa kuti chibvise ruvara rwegirazi.
3.Kupenda Girazi
Maion earth earth anoratidza mavara akagadzikana uye anopenya pakupisa kwakanyanya uye anoshandiswa kugadzira magirazi akasiyana-siyana ane mavara nekuwawedzera muzvinwiwa. Maoxyde earth earth akadai se neodymium, praseodymium, erbium, uye cerium mavara akanaka egirazi. Kana girazi rinopenya rine mavara aya richitora chiedza chinoonekwa pakati pe400 ne700 nanometers, rinoratidza mavara akanaka. Magirazi aya ane mavara anogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvivharo zvemwenje zvinoratidza zviratidzo zvendege, kufamba, uye mota dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutakura, pamwe nekushongedza kwakasiyana-siyana kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro.
Kana neodymium oxide ikaiswa mugirazi resoda-lime nelead, kudzika kweruvara rwegirazi kunoenderana nekukora, huwandu hweneodymium, uye kusimba kwechiedza. Girazi rakatetepa rinoita sepingi rakachenuruka, nepo girazi rakakora rinoita sebhuruu-pepuru. Chiitiko ichi chinozivikanwa seneodymium dichroism. Praseodymium oxide inogadzira girini yakafanana nechromium. Erbium oxide, inoshandiswa mugirazi rephotochromic negirazi rekristaro, inogadzira ruvara rwepingi. Cerium oxide pamwe chete netitanium dioxide inogadzira ruvara rweyero. Praseodymium oxide neneodymium oxide zvinogona kushandiswa mugirazi dema repraseodymium-neodymium.
4. Zviyereso zveRare Earth
Cerium oxide, panzvimbo pearsenic oxide yechinyakare, inoshandiswa segirazi rinojekesa kubvisa mabubbles uye zvinhu zvinoravira. Izvi zvinonyanya kushanda mukugadzira mabhodhoro egirazi asina ruvara, zvichiita kuti girazi jena rive rakaita sekristaro rine kujeka kwakanaka, simba regirazi rakawedzerwa, uye kuramba kupisa kuri nani. Inobvisawo kusvibiswa kwearsenic kune nharaunda negirazi pacharo.
Pamusoro pezvo,cerium oxideinogona kuwedzerwa mumagirazi ezuva nezuva, akadai segirazi rekuvaka neremotokari, uye girazi rekristaro, kuderedza kufambiswa kweUV. Kushandiswa uku kwave kuchishandiswa zvakanyanya muJapan neUnited States. Nekuvandudzwa kwemararamiro munyika yangu, zvinotarisirwawo kuwana musika wakasimba. Neodymium oxide, inowedzerwa mugirazi rechubhu re cathode ray, inobvisa kupararira kwechiedza chitsvuku uye inowedzera kujeka. Magirazi akasarudzika ane zvinhu zvisingawanzoonekwi anosanganisira: girazi re lanthanum, rine index yaro yepamusoro ye refractive uye kupararira kwakaderera, rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira malenzi akasiyana-siyana nemalenzi epamusoro emakamera necamcorder, kunyanya ayo ekushandisa michina yekutora mifananidzo yakakwirira; girazi rinodzivirira mwaranzi ye cerium, rinoshandiswa mumagirazi emotokari negirazi reterevhizheni; uye girazi re neodymium, chinhu chakanakira ma laser makuru, kunyanya mumidziyo yekubatanidza nuclear inodzorwa.