Chero ani zvake akamboshanda muworkshop yekuputika kwejecha anoziva kuti kusarudza abrasive chaiyo kwakafanana nechiremba wechiChinese anonyorera mishonga - zvinoda kunyatsofungisisa uye kufananidza abrasive nebasa racho. Alumina chena yakasanganiswa, ine kuoma kwayo uye kusimba kwayo, "inonyanya kufarirwa" munyika yekuputika kwejecha. Zvisinei, ungasaziva kuti kunyangwe mukati meabrasives chena yakasanganiswa yealumina, saizi dzakasiyana dzegrit dzinopa mhedzisiro dzakasiyana zvikuru. Nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvenyaya iyi inoita seiri nyore asi yakaoma kwazvo yekupatsanura saizi yegrit.
I. "Yakakora, Yepakati, uye Yakanaka": Sisitimu Yekutanga Yematanho Matatu
Nyanzvi dzine ruzivo rwekuputisa jecha dzinowanzo patsanuranaalumina chena yakasanganiswaKuisa mabrasive muzvikamu zvitatu zvikuru: zvakakora, zvepakati, uye zvakanaka. Kuisa uku kunonzwika kuri nyore, asi kunomiririra makumi emakore eruzivo rwakaunganidzwa. Kuisa mabrasive kunowanzoreva huwandu hwemabrasive 20 kusvika 60. Izvi zvinorevei? Zvinoreva kuti dhayamita yezvikamu inenge iri pakati pemamirimita 0.85 ne0.25. Kana ukabata ruoko, unogona kunzwa zvakajeka magadzirirwo egranular. Rudzi urwu rwekuisa mabrasive rune simba guru rekubata uye rwakakodzera basa "rinorema". Semuenzaniso, kuchenesa mabrasive makuru: pamusoro pechikafu mushure mekudira chakafukidzwa nejecha rekuumba uye oxide scale, iyo yakaoma zvikuru uye inoda kuisirwa kwakasimba kwebrasive. Old Zhang mufekitori yedu anowanzoti, "Kuti ugadzirise nzvimbo idzodzo 'dzakaoma', unofanirwa kushandisa brasive, kungofanana nekushandisa simbi yemvere kukwesha poto."
Girazi repakati rine mambure 80 ne 180 mesh (0.18 millimeters kusvika 0.08 millimeters), uye ndiro rinonyanya kushandiswa "all-rounder." Kuridaidza kuti "pakati" haringorevi kukura kwaro kwepakati asiwo kushanda kwaro kuri pakati nepakati. Harisi "rinokuvadza" segrirazi rakakora kana kuti "rinonyorova" segrirazi rakakora. Pakugadzirisa simbi pamusoro pezvivakwa, kuchenesa weld, uye kubvisa ngura pane zvimwe zvikamu zvakajairika, grirazi repakati ndiro sarudzo yakakodzera. Rinopa mhedzisiro yakaringana yekurapa pamusoro, richivimbisa kuchena pasina kukonzera kuomarara kwakanyanya pamusoro. Girazi rakanaka rinotanga kubva pa 220 mesh uye rinotowedzera kunaka. Rudzi urwu rwekukwesha rwakanaka kwazvo, rwunonzwa sehupfu kana rukabatwa. Usarurerutse nekuda kwekunaka kwaro; basa rakaoma rinotsamira pariri. Pakuchenesa pamusoro pezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemazvo, kupukuta kwemould, uye kugadzirisa dzimwe nzvimbo dzekushongedza dzemhando yepamusoro, jecha rakanaka rakakosha zvikuru. VaLi, foromani muworkshop yedu vane basa rekugadzirisa zvikamu zvemagadzirirwo azvo, vane chirevo chavanofarira: “Jecha rakaoma rinorapa chirwere, jecha rakatsetseka rinoshongedza.” Izvi zvinoratidza zvakakwana musimboti wacho.
II. Maitiro Ekupa Magiredhi: Zvinopfuura Kungo "Sefa"
Kana zvasvika pakuyera kwakatarwa, vanhuwo zvavo vanogona kufunga kuti ingori nyaya yekushandisa masipo ane saizi dzakasiyana dzemambure. Izvozvo ndezvechokwadi, asi kwete zvachose. Mitemo yenyika (GB/T) uye mitemo yeindasitiri ine mitemo yakajeka, senge sisitimu yekuyera kubva kuF4 (yakakombama) kusvika kuF1200 (yakanakisa). Giredhi rega rega rinoenderana nehuwandu hwakasimba hwekugovera saizi yezvikamu. Zvisinei, mukuita, mainjiniya ane ruzivo vanosimbisawo "kufanana." Izvi zvinorevei? Zvinoreva kuti zvikamu zviri mubhegi rimwe chete rejecha zvinofanira kunge zvakaenzana. Kana paine zvikamu zvakakora nezvitete, mhedzisiro yepamusoro mushure mekuputirwa ichave isina kuenzana. Jecha rakanaka rinofanira kunge rine curve yakakora yekugovera saizi yezvikamu, kwete yakati sandara.
III. Mamiriro Anoshanda: Saizi Dzezvikamu Zvakasiyana dzeMabasa Akasiyana
Jecha guru (20-60 mesh) rinonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri makuru. Kunze kwekucheneswa kwekukanda zvinhu zvataurwa kare, rinokosha pakugadzirisa pamusoro pezvivakwa zvikuru zvesimbi usati wapenda. Semuenzaniso, mabhiriji, ngarava, uye matangi ekuchengetera zvinhu - zvivakwa zvikuru izvi zvinosangana nemamiriro ekunze gore rose, uye zvidimbu zvavo zve oxide pamusoro zvakakora uye zvakaoma. Jecha guru rinogona kubvisa nekukurumidza machira ekare nengura, zvichiratidza substrate yesimbi. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti jecha guru rine simba guru rekubaya, saka harifanirwe kushandiswa pasimbi yakatetepa, zvikasadaro rinogona kukanganisika zviri nyore. Takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma: kamwe chete, takashandisa jecha re 40-mesh kugadzirisa ndiro yesimbi ine ukobvu hwe 3mm, uye ndiro yacho yakaguma yaita semafungu, zvichitimanikidza kuibvisa totanga patsva.
Jecha repakati (80-180 mesh) rine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana. Muindasitiri yemotokari, rinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa mapaneru emuviri wemotokari risati rapendwa; muindasitiri yemidziyo ine simba, pakuchenesa ma welds asati aonekwa zvikanganiso; uye mukugadzira michina, pakugadzirisa zvikamu pamusoro. Hunhu hwaro ndehwekuti rinoita kuti zvinhu zvishande zvakanaka - rinopa mhedzisiro yakanaka yekuchenesa uye rinogadzira patani ine mwero yekunamira (mapundu madiki uye maburi ari pamusoro), izvo zvinobatsira pakunamira kwependi. Maneja wekugadzira pafekitori yedu anoshandisa fananidzo yakajeka: "Jecha repakati-grit rakafanana nekubika kumba - kwete rakanyatsogadzirwa, asi rinogutsa uye rinonyanya kushandiswa."
Jecha rine grit rakatsetseka (220 mesh zvichikwira) rakachengeterwa kugadzirwa nemazvo. Zvikamu zvakanyatsonaka muindasitiri yendege, zvikamu zvemidziyo yekurapa, uye jecha rekugadzira zvinhu zvemagetsi zvemhando yepamusoro zvinoda jecha rine grit rakatsetseka. Rinogona kudzora kushata kwepamusoro (Ra value) kusvika padanho rakaderera uku richiwana finish yakafanana. Gore rapera, takaputira zvinhu zvakawanda zvekuvhiya zvekambani yemidziyo yekurapa tichishandisa jecha rine 320-mesh. Zvaidiwa zvaive zvakakwirira zvekuti zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa zvaifanira kuongororwa pasi pemamiriro chaiwo echiedza, pasina kukwenya kunooneka kana kusaenzana kunobvumidzwa. Liu, munhu aitarisira basa iri, akashushikana zvekuti akanga ava kurasikirwa nebvudzi rake. "Uku hakusi kuputika kwejecha, uku kusona," akadaro achinyemwerera achinyara.
IV. Unyanzvi hwekusarudza jecha: Musanganiswa weruzivo nesainzi
Unosarudza sei saizi yakakodzera yegrit mukuita? Izvi zvinosanganisira kuverenga kwesainzi uye kufungidzira kwakaitwa neruzivo. Kutanga, unofanirwa kufunga nezvezvinhu zvebasa. Zvinhu zvakaoma zvinogona kushandisa jecha rakakora, nepo zvinhu zvakapfava (sezvakaitaaruminiyamuuye mhangura) zvinoda jecha rakatsetseka. Chechipiri, funga nezvekukora kwechishandiso chebasa; zvidimbu zvitete hazvifanirwe kushandisa jecha rakatsetseka. Chechitatu, funga nezvezvinodiwa zvekupedzisira pamusoro. Kune zvekuputira, funga nezvekukora kwekuputira; kune zvekushongedza, funga nezverunako. Dhipatimendi rehunyanzvi refekitori redu rakapfupikisa mnemonic iri nyore: "Yakaoma uye yakakora, shandisa yakatsetseka; yakapfava uye yakatetepa, shandisa yakatsetseka; pakushongedza, ita yakatsetseka; yekunamatira, sarudza yepakati-yakatsetseka." Asi mnemonic iyi ingori pokutangira; mapurojekiti chaiwo anoda ongororo chaiyo. Semuenzaniso, kune simbi isingatsvedzeri, kana iri yekurapa madziro emukati memidziyo yemakemikari, jecha rakatsetseka rinogona kushandiswa kuchenesa nekukurumidza; asi kune michina yechikafu, jecha rakatsetseka rinodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kuchenesa uye kuuraya utachiona kuri nyore.
Mafekitori mazhinji ari kusimudzira "jecha rimwe chete, chidimbu chimwe chete," zvinoreva kuti pave ne "jecha rimwe chete, chidimbu chimwe chete".jecha rakanyanya kunakachimiro cheparamita chechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe, nekusarudza saizi yegrit kuri chinhu chakakosha. Kugadzira chimiro ichi kunotora nguva, kunoda kuongororwa kakawanda, asi kana changogadzwa, chinova chinhu chinokosha. Chimiro chatakagadzira cheimwe injini yemotokari chinoratidza kuti kushandisa 100-meshjecha jena recorundum, pakumanikidzwa kwe0.5 MPa uye chinhambwe che200 mm, kuomarara kwepamusoro kunosangana zvakakwana nezvinodiwa zvekuputira. Iyi data yakawanikwa mushure mekuedzwa kunopfuura makumi matatu. V. Mafungiro Asina Kujeka uye Kungwarira
Vatangi vanowanzoita zvikanganiso zvakawanda. Chekutanga ipfungwa isiriyo yekuti "kana yakakora zviri nani," vachitenda kuti grit yakakora inochenesa nekukurumidza. Zvisinei, grit yakakora zvakanyanya inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakadzika pamusoro, zvichizoda kugadziriswa kunotevera uye pakupedzisira kutambisa nguva. Chechipiri kusanganisa mabheti akasiyana egrit, izvo zvisingawanzoitiki. Kunyangwe kana grit iine nhamba yakafanana yegiredhi, kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvimedu kunogona kusiyana pakati pemabheti, zvichikonzera mhedzisiro yekurapa pamusoro isina kuenzana. Chechitatu kuregeredza nhamba yenguva iyo grit yakadzokororwa. grit chena yecorundum inogona kudzokororwa kakawanda, asi nekushandiswa kwakawedzerwa, zvimedu zvishoma nezvishoma zvinova zvakatenderera uye zvakapfava, zvichideredza kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchenesa. Nyanzvi dzine ruzivo dzinogona kuona kana grit ichida kutsiviwa neruzha uye ruvara rwegrit stream.
Mutariri wedu weworkshop, Old Chang, anowanzoti, “Grit yakafanana nemasoja; unofanira kunzwisisa hunhu hwemusoja wega wega kuti ukunde hondo.” Chirevo ichi chiri nyore, asi chakadzama. Kupatsanura saizi yezvikamu kunogona kuita sechikamu chiri nyore chemuviri, asi kunobatanidza neruzivo rwunobva muminda yakawanda, kusanganisira sainzi yezvinhu, uinjiniya wepamusoro, uye makanika emvura. Mhando yegrit chena yecorundum, kubva kune yakaoma kusvika yakanaka, yakaita sechishandiso chakazara. Nyanzvi yechokwadi haingoshandisi chishandiso chimwe chete kana zviviri, asi inogona kusarudza nemazvo "chishandiso" chakakodzera zvichienderana "nemamiriro" akasiyana. Munguva ino apo kunaka kwepamusoro kuri kuwedzera kukosha, kunzwisisa kwakadzama uye kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi kwekuisa saizi yezvikamu kwave hunyanzvi hunokosha. Hazvina kupenya, asi zvinokanganisa chaizvo kunaka kwechigadzirwa uye hupenyu hwese. Pamwe ichi ndechimwe che "makiyi asingaonekwe" mukugadzira maindasitiri.