Kushanda Pamusoro uye Kushanda Nesimba Kwekugadzira kweWhite Fused Alumina Micropowder
Kana zvasvika pakukuya nekupukuta, mhizha dzine ruzivo dzinogara dzichiti, “Nyanzvi yehunyanzvi inofanira kutanga yarodza maturusi ayo.” Munyika yekugadzira michina nemazvo,upfu huchena hwakasanganiswa hwealumina micropowder "isimba risingakoshi." Usazvidza zvidimbu zvidiki izvi, zvakaita seguruva; pasi pemaikorosikopu, zvinoita basa rakakosha pakuona kana workpiece ichizopedzisira yawana kupenya "kwakafanana negirazi" kana kuti isingakwani pane zvaitarisirwa. Nhasi, ngatikurukurei zvinhu zvakakosha zvehukama huripo pakati pe "basa repamusoro" re white fused alumina micropowder uye kushanda kwayo zvakanaka.
I. Upfu Hwechena Hwakagadzirwa neAlumina: Hunopfuura "Hwakaoma" Kungoti
Alumina chena yakasanganiswa, inonyanya kuumbwa neα-alumina, inozivikanwa nekuoma kwayo kwakanyanya uye kusimba kwayo kwakanaka. Zvisinei, kana ikashandiswa kuita upfu hudiki, kunyanya zvigadzirwa zvine saizi dzezvidimbu zvakayerwa muma micrometer kana kunyange nanometers, nyika yayo inova yakaoma zvikuru. Panguva ino, kuongorora mashandisirwo ayo kunoda zvinopfuura kungotarisa kuoma kwayo; "basa rayo repamusoro" rakakosha.
Chii chinonzi basa repamusoro? Unogona kunzwisisa nenzira iyi: Fungidzira murwi weupfu hudiki. Kana chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chakaita sebhora diki rakatsetseka, "rine hunhu hwakanaka" kune mumwe nemumwe, saka kusangana kwadzo nechinhu chebasa uye mvura yekukuya hakusi "kushanda" zvakanyanya, uye basa radzo rinononoka. Asi kana zvidimbu izvi zvine "mipendero" kana kutakura "midziyo yekuchaja" yakakosha kana "mapoka emakemikari," zvinova "kushanda," zviri nyore "kubata" nzvimbo yebasa, uye kuda kupararira zvakaenzana mumvura, pane kuungana pamwe chete uye kuderera. Mwero uyu wekushanda mune hunhu hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari hwepamusoro ndiwo basa rayo repamusoro.
Chiitiko ichi chinobva kupi? Chekutanga, maitiro ekupwanya nekupatsanura ndiwo "vanoumba." Kupwanya kwemuchina kunogadzira zviri nyore nzvimbo itsva, dzine simba guru dzakaputsika, zvichikonzera kushanda kwakanyanya asi zvingangoita kupararira kwehukuru hwetimbumburu; nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa nenzira dzemakemikari dzinogona kunge "dzakachena" uye dzakafanana. Chechipiri, nzvimbo chaiyo yekumusoro chiratidzo chikuru - kana timbumburu dzakatetepa, "nzvimbo yehondo" yakakura inogona kubata workpiece ine huremu hwakafanana. Chinonyanya kukosha, funga nezvemamiriro epamusoro: Yakaita kunge yakakombama uye isina kunaka here (ine nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinoshanda), kana kuti yakatenderera (inodzivirira kupera asi inogona kunge ine simba shoma rekucheka)? Nzvimbo yacho inopfava here kana kuti inopfava here? Yakambogadziriswa "pamusoro" here, senge kuputira ne silica kana zvimwe zvinobatanidza kuti ichinje hunhu hwayo?
II. Kuita Zvemitambo Zvakawanda "Mushonga Wezvinhu Zvose" Here? Mutambo Wakaoma Unopa Simba Rekugadzirisa Zvinhu
Nekunzwisisa, kushanda kwepamusoro kunofanirwa kureva kugadziriswa kweupfu hudiki nesimba uye zvinobudirira. Kazhinji, izvi ndizvozvo. Upfu hudiki hunoshanda zvakanyanya, nekuda kwesimba rahwo guru pamusoro uye kugona kwakasimba kwekunyungudutsa, hunogona "kunamatira" zvakanyanya kana "kupinza" pamusoro pebasa uye zvishandiso zvekukuya (senge mapolish pads), zvichiita kuti zvicheke zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakaenzana. Kunyanya mukuita kwakaringana senge chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), pamusoro peupfu hudiki uye workpiece (senge silicon wafer) zvinogona kutoita semakemikari asina simba, zvichinyorovesa pamusoro pebasa, iyo, pamwe chete nekushanda kwemuchina, inobvisa, zvichiita kuti "1+1>2″ ive ultra-smooth effect". Muchiitiko ichi, basa rinoshanda sechinhu chinokurudzira kushanda zvakanaka.
Zvisinei, zvinhu hazvisi nyore kudaro. Mabasa epamusoro-soro munondo unocheka nemativi maviri.
Chekutanga, kushanda zvakanyanya kunotungamira kune katsika kakasimba kekuti tumadiki-duku twuungane, twuchiumba tumadiki-duku kana kuti twakakura. Fungidzira izvi: pakutanga kwaive kutevedzana kwemabasa ega ega ikozvino kwave kuungana pamwe chete, zvichideredza huwandu hwetumadiki twakachekwa zvinobudirira. Masumbu aya makuru anogonawo kusiya mavanga akadzika pamusoro pebasa, zvichideredza kunaka kwekugadzirisa uye kushanda zvakanaka. Zvakafanana neboka revashandi vane chido chikuru asi vasingashande pamwe chete vakaungana pamwe chete, vachikanganisana.
Chechipiri, mune mamwe mashandisirwo ekugadzirisa, akadai sekukuya kwakaomarara kana kucheka zvinhu zvakaoma uye zvinoputsika zvine simba, tingada ma micro-particles kuti tirambe "tichinyatsopinza." Kushanda kwepamusoro-soro kunogona kukonzera kuti micro-particles dziputsike nekusakara nguva isati yakwana kana dzatanga kudonha. Kunyange hazvo simba rekutanga rekucheka ringave rakasimba, kugara kwenguva refu kwakaderera, uye mwero wekubvisa zvinhu unogona kudzikira. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, micro-particles dzine nzvimbo yakadzikama mushure mekurapwa kwakakodzera kwepasi, nekuda kwemiganhu yadzo yakasimba uye kuomarara, dzinogona kupa kushanda zvakanaka kuri nani.
Uyezve, kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzirisa chiratidzo chine mativi akawanda: mwero wekubvisa zvinhu, kuomarara kwenzvimbo, kudzika kwechikamu chekukuvadzwa kwenzvimbo, kugadzikana kwenzira, nezvimwewo. Upfu hudiki hunoshanda zvikuru hunogona kuva nebhenefiti mukuwana kuomarara kwenzvimbo kwakaderera zvakanyanya (mhando yepamusoro), asi kuti uwane kunaka uku, dzimwe nguva zvinodikanwa kuderedza kumanikidzwa kana kumhanya, zvichideredza mwero wekubvisa. Maitiro ekuwana chiyero anoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa.
III. "Nzira Yakakodzera": Kuwana Kuenzana Kwakanaka Mukushandiswa
Saka, kukurukura zvakanakira kushanda kwepamusoro kana pasi pasina kufunga nezvekushandiswa kwacho hazvina zvazvinoreva. Mukugadzira chaiko, tiri kusarudza "hunhu hwepamusoro" hwakakodzera "basa rekugadzirisa" rakati.
Pakupukuta kwakanyatsogadzirwa (senge ma lenses e optical uye ma semiconductor wafers): chinangwa ndechekuva nechinhu chakakwana paatomu. Muchiitiko ichi, ma micropowders anoshanda zvakanyanya ane kupatsanurwa kwakanyatsojeka, kugoverwa kwehukuru hwe particles hwakatetepa, uye nzvimbo dzakagadziriswa zvakanyatsonaka (senge silica sol encapsulation) dzinowanzo sarudzwa. Kupararira kwavo kwakanyanya uye kubatana kwemakemikari ne polishing slurry kwakakosha. Pano, basa rinonyanya kushanda "mhando yepamusoro," nepo kushanda zvakanaka kuchigadziriswa kuburikidza nekudzora kwakanyatsojeka kwe process parameters.
Kune zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu zvinorema, zvinorema zvemabhandi, uye hupfu hwakachekwa hunoshandiswa mukugadzira mavhiri: Kugona kucheka kwakasimba uye hunhu hwekuzvirodza ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha. Hupfu hwakachekwa hunofanirwa kukwanisa kuputsika pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakati, zvichiratidza mipendero mitsva yakapinza. Padanho rino, kushanda pamusoro pechinhu hakufanirwe kunge kwakakwira zvakanyanya kudzivirira kusangana nekukurumidza kana kuita zvakanyanya. Nekudzora kuchena kwezvinhu zvakabikwa uye maitiro ekunyungudutsa, kuwana hupfu hwakachekwa hune microstructure yakakodzera (hune simba rakabatana pane kungotevera simba rakawanda repamusoro) kazhinji kunoita kuti pave nekushanda kwakanaka kwekugadzirisa.
Pakushandiswa kwekumisa nekutsvedza: Kugadzikana kwekupararira kweupfu hwakakanyiwa ne micron kwakakosha. Kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo (sekubatanidza ma polymer chaiwo kana kugadzirisa zeta potential) kunofanirwa kushandiswa kupa chipingamupinyi chakakwana che steric kana electrostatic repulsion, zvichiita kuti irambe yakamiswa zvakafanana kwenguva yakareba kunyangwe iri mumamiriro ekushanda zvakanyanya. Muchiitiko ichi, tekinoroji yekugadzirisa nzvimbo inosarudza zvakananga kana chiitiko ichi chinogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira, kudzivirira marara nekuda kwe sedimentation kana agglomeration, nokudaro ichivimbisa kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzirisa nguva dzose uye kwakasimba.
Mhedziso: Unyanzvi hweKugona "Basa" Munyika yeMicroscopic
Mushure mekukurukura zvakawanda kudaro, ungave wakaona kuti basa repamusoro realumina chena yakasanganiswaHupfu hudiki uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira zvinhu hazvisi kungoenderana chete. Zvakafanana nekushanda kwebhara rekuenzanisa kwakagadzirwa zvakanaka: zvakakosha kukurudzira "kushingaira kushanda" kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe uye, kuburikidza nemaitiro netekinoroji, kudzivirira kuti zvisapere mukati kana kuti zvisadzoreke nekuda kwe "kushingaira kwakanyanya." Zvigadzirwa zvehupfu hudiki zvakanaka uye matekiniki ekugadzirisa akaomarara akavakirwa pakunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvinhu zvakananga uye zvinangwa zvakananga zvekugadzirisa, zvinosanganisira dhizaini "yakagadzirwa" uye kutonga kwebasa repamusoro rehupfu hudiki. Ruzivo rwunowanikwa kubva "kukunzwisisa chiitiko" kuenda ku "basa reunyanzvi" runoratidza zvakajeka kushandurwa kwemashini emazuva ano ekugadzira zvinhu nemazvo kubva ku "hunyanzvi" kuenda ku "sainzi."
Nguva inotevera paunoona chinhu chakaita segirazi, pamwe unogona kufungidzira kuti panzvimbo iyoyo yehondo isingaonekwe nemicroscope, zvidimbu zvichena zvakawanda zvealumina micropowder zvakasanganiswa zviri muhondo inoshanda uye yakarongeka ine "maitiro anoshanda" akagadzirwa zvakanaka. Uku ndiko kunaka kudiki kwekubatanidzwa kwakadzama kwesainzi yezvinhu uye maitiro ekugadzira.