Mupiro wakasiyana weupfu hwealumina mune zvinhu zvemagineti
Kana ukabvisa mota yeservo inomhanya zvakanyanya kana kuti ine simba rekutyaira pamotokari itsva ine simba, uchaona kuti zvinhu zvine simba remagineti ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha. Kana mainjiniya vachikurukura nezvesimba rekumanikidza uye simba remagineti rinosara remagineti, vanhu vashoma vanozoona kuti upfu huchena hunoratidzika kunge hwakajairika,upfu hwealumina(Al₂O₃), iri kutamba chinyararire se "gamba riri kuseri kwezviitiko". Haina simba remagineti, asi inogona kushandura mashandiro ezvinhu zvemagineti; haina simba rekufambisa magetsi, asi ine simba guru pakushanda zvakanaka kwemagetsi. Muindasitiri yemazuva ano inotsvaga hunhu hwemagineti hwepamusoro, mupiro wakasarudzika weupfu hwealumina uri kuonekwa zvakajeka.
Muumambo hwemaferrite, "muroyi wemuganhu wezviyo"
Mukati menzvimbo huru yekugadzira ferrite yakapfava, mhepo inozadzwa nekunhuhwirira kwakakosha kwekunhuhwirira kwekupisa kwakanyanya. Old Zhang, nyanzvi yekugadzira, aiwanzoti: “Kare, kugadzira manganese-zinc ferrite kwaiita semabuns anopfuta. Dai kupisa kwacho kwaiwedzera zvishoma, kwaizova nemaburi ‘akabikwa’ mukati, uye kurasikirwa kwacho kwaisazoderera.” Nhasi, huwandu hushoma hwealumina powder hunoiswa mufomura nemazvo, uye mamiriro acho akasiyana zvikuru.
Basa guru reupfu hwealumina pano rinogona kunzi "uinjiniya wemuganhu wezviyo": hunopararira zvakaenzana pamiganhu iri pakati pezviyo zveferrite. Fungidzira kuti zviyo zvidiki zvisingaverengeki zvakarongwa zvakanaka, uye majoini azvo anowanzova malink asina simba muhunhu hwemagineti uye "nzvimbo dzakaoma kwazvo" dzekurasikirwa nemagineti. Upfu hwealumina hwakachena zvakanyanya, hwakanyanya kuchena (kazhinji hunowanikwa pasi pemicron) hwakaiswa munzvimbo idzi dzemiganhu yezviyo. Hwakafanana ne "madam" madiki asingaverengeki, ayo anodzivirira kukura kwakanyanya kwezviyo panguva yekupisa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti saizi yezviyo ive diki uye iparadzirwe zvakaenzana.
Muhondo yesimba remagineti, "chinodzivirira chimiro"
Tevedzera pfungwa dzako kune nyika yemagineti anogara aripo e-neodymium iron boron (NdFeB). Chigadzirwa ichi, chinozivikanwa se "mambo wemagineti", chine simba rakawanda uye ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoshandiswa pakufambisa mota dzemagetsi dzemazuva ano, maturbine emhepo, uye zvishandiso zvekurapa zvine hungwaru. Zvisinei, dambudziko guru riri mberi: NdFeB inowanzo "demagnetization" pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye chikamu chayo chemukati che neodymium chakapfava uye hachina kugadzikana kwechimiro.
Panguva ino, huwandu hushoma hweupfu hwealumina hunoonekwazve, huchiita basa guru re "structural enhancer". Munguva yekusinta kweNdFeB, upfu hwealumina hwakapfava hunoiswa. Hahupindi muchikamu chikuru chepasi zvakanyanya, asi hunoparadzirwa zvakasarudzika pamiganhu yezviyo, kunyanya nzvimbo dzisina simba dzakapfuma neodymium.
Pamberi pemagineti akabatanidzwa, i "murongi ane mativi akawanda"
Nyika yezvinhu zvine magineti ichiri kuchinja. Maumbirwo emagineti akabatanidzwa (akadai seHalbach array) anosanganisa simba remagineti rakanyanya kuzara uye hunhu hwakaderera hwekurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvine magineti zvakapfava (zvakadai sesimbi yeupfu) uye mabhenefiti esimba guru remagineti anogara aripo ari kukwezva kutariswa. Mumhando iyi yekugadzira itsva, alumina powder yawana danho idzva.
Kana zvichidikanwa kusanganisa hupfu hwemagineti hwemhando dzakasiyana (kunyangwe nehupfu husina simba remagineti) uye kudzora zvakanyatsonaka kuputira uye simba remuchina wechikamu chekupedzisira, upfu hwealumina hunova chinhu chakakodzera chekudzivirira kuputira kana kuzadza nekudzivirira kwayo kwakanaka, kusagadzikana kwemakemikari uye kushandirana zvakanaka nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Chiedza cheramangwana: chakajeka uye chakangwara
Kushandiswa kweupfu hwealuminamumunda wezvinhu zvemaginetiHazvina kupera. Nekuwedzera kwekutsvaga, masayendisiti akazvipira kutsvaga mitemo isina kujeka:
Kushandisa nano-scale uye doping chaiyo: Shandisa nano-scale alumina powder ine saizi yakaenzana uye kupararira kuri nani, uye ongorora mashandiro ayo chaiwo ekugadzirisa magnetic domain wall pinning paatomic scale.
Upfu hweAlumina, iyi oxide yakajairika inobva pasi, ichitungamirirwa neuchenjeri hwevanhu, inoita mashiripiti anobatika munyika yemagineti isingaonekwe. Haiburitse simba remagineti, asi inovhura nzira yekufambiswa kwakasimba uye kwakanaka kwesimba remagineti; haitungamiriri zvakananga mudziyo zvakananga, asi inoisa simba rakawanda muchinhu chikuru chemagineti chemudziyo unotyaira. Mune ramangwana rekutsvaga simba regirini, simba remagetsi rinoshanda uye kunzwisisa kwakangwara, mupiro wakasarudzika uye unokosha weupfu hwealumina muzvinhu zvemagineti ucharamba uchipa rutsigiro rwakasimba uye rwakanyarara mukusimudzira sainzi netekinoroji. Inotiyeuchidza kuti muhurukuro huru yekuvandudza kwesainzi netekinoroji, manotsi ekutanga anowanzo kuve nesimba rakadzika - kana sainzi nehunyanzvi zvikasangana, zvinhu zvakajairika zvichapenyawo nechiedza chinoshamisa.