Chero ani zvake akamboshanda mumaindasitiri ekugadzira zvinhu zvinobvisa masimbi, zvinodzivirira masimbi, kana zvesimbi anoziva izvozvokabhidhi yegirini yesiliconUpfu hwe micropowder hunonetsa kushanda nahwo. Chinhu ichi, chine kuomarara kwakafanana nedhaimani uye kupisa kwakanyanya uye magetsi, chakakodzera kukuya nemazvo, kudzorwa kwemhando yepamusoro, uye ceramics dzakakosha. Zvisinei, kungofunga nezvekuomarara kwacho hakuna kukwana kuti ushandise zvinobudirira - pane zvakawanda kune upfu uhwu hwegirini hunoratidzika kunge hwakajairika kupfuura zvinoonekwa. Chinhu chikuru chiri mu "hukuru hwezvikamu."
Mainjiniya ane ruzivo rwezvinhu vanowanzoti, "Pakuongorora chinhu, tanga watarisa upfu; pakuongorora upfu, tanga watarisa zvidimbu." Izvi ndezvechokwadi chose. Saizi yezvidimbu zve green silicon carbide micropowder inosarudza zvakananga kana ichizova chinhu chine simba kana chipingamupinyi chikuru mumashandisirwo ari pasi. Nhasi, tichaongorora kuti saizi yezvidimbu izvi inodzorwa sei uye matambudziko ehunyanzvi anobatanidzwa mukuwana kutonga uku.
I. "Kukuya" uye "Kuparadzanisa": "Kuvhiya Kunoitwa Pakuvhiya" Kwemazinga Madiki
Kuti uwane kunakaupfu hwegirini hwesilicon carbide, danho rekutanga ndere "kupwanya" makristaro makuru egirini esilicon carbide. Izvi hazvisi nyore sekupwanya nenyundo, asi inzira inonetsa inoda kunyatsorongeka.
Nzira huru ndeyekupwanya nemechanical. Kunyange zvazvo ichinzwika seyakakombama, inosanganisira kudzora kwakanyatsonaka. Migayo yebhora ndiyo "nzvimbo yekudzidzira" inonyanya kushandiswa, asi kushandisa mabhora esimbi akajairwa kunogona kuunza tsvina yesimbi zviri nyore. Nzira dzepamusoro-soro ikozvino dzinoshandisa ceramic linings uye silicon carbide kana zirconia grinding balls kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchena. Kugaya bhora chete hakuna kukwana; kuti uwane micropowder yakapfava uye yakafanana, kunyanya munzvimbo iri pasi pe10 micrometer (µm), "air jet milling" inoshandiswa. Iyi nzira inoshandisa mhepo inomhanya zvikuru kuti iite kuti zvidimbu zviroverane uye zviputseke, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa kushoma uye kupararira kwehukuru hwezvidimbu. Kugaya kwakanyorova kunoshanda kana hupfu hwakatsetseka (semuenzaniso, pasi pe1 µm) huchidikanwa. Inodzivirira kuungana kwehupfu, zvichikonzera slurry ine kupararira kuri nani.
Zvisinei, kungo "pwanya" chete hakuna kukwana; tekinoroji chaiyo iri mu "kupatsanura." Upfu hunogadzirwa nekupwanya hunosiyana zvachose muhukuru, uye chinangwa chedu ndechekusarudza saizi yaunoda chete. Izvi zvakafanana nekusarudza zvidimbu zvejecha chete zvine dhayamita ye 0.5 kusvika 0.6 millimeters kubva pamurwi wejecha. Michina yekupatsanura mhepo yakaoma ndiyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya parizvino, ichishandisa simba re centrifugal uye aerodynamics kupatsanura hupfu hwakakora nehwema hwakanaka uye hunobudirira uye kubuda kukuru. Asi pane dambudziko: kana hupfu hwacho hwava hwakanaka zvakakwana (semuenzaniso, pasi pema micrometer mashoma), zvidimbu izvi zvinowanzobatana nekuda kwe van der Waals forces (agglomeration), zvichiita kuti zviomere kuti vagadziri vemhepo vazviparadzanise nemazvo zvichienderana nehukuru hwezvikamu zvega zvega. Muchiitiko ichi, kupatsanura kwemvura (senge kupatsanura kwe centrifugal sedimentation) dzimwe nguva kunogona kubatsira, asi maitiro acho akaoma uye mutengo unowedzera.
Saka, unoona, maitiro ese ekudzora saizi yezvikamu anowanzo gara achirwisana uye achibvumirana pakati pe "kupwanya" uye "kupatsanura." Chinangwa chekupwanya zvidimbu zvakapfava, asi zvidimbu zvakapfava zvakanyanya zvinowanzo sangana, zvichikanganisa kupatsanura; chinangwa chekupatsanura ndechekunyatsorongeka, asi kazhinji zvinotambura neupfu hwakapfava hwakasanganiswa. Mainjiniya vanopedza nguva yavo yakawanda vachienzanisa zvinodiwa izvi zvinopesana.
II. "Zvipingamupinyi" uye "Mhinduro": Minzwa neChiedza paNzira yeKudzora Saizi yeZvidimbu
Kudzora saizi ye green silicon carbide micropowder nenzira yakavimbika kunosanganisira zvinopfuura kungopwanya nekupatsanura. "Zvipingamupinyi" zvakawanda chaizvo zvinomira munzira, uye pasina kuzvigadzirisa, kutonga kwakarurama hakugoneki.
Chipingamupinyi chekutanga ndechekutsoropodzwa kunokonzerwa ne "kuoma."Kabhidhi yegirini yesiliconyakaoma zvikuru, inoda simba guru kuti ipwanywe, zvichikonzera kusakara kukuru kwemidziyo. Munguva yekukuya kwakanyanya, kusakara kwemidziyo yekukuya nema liner kunounza tsvina yakawanda. Tsvina idzi dzinosangana muchigadzirwa, zvichikanganisa kuchena kwacho. Basa rako rese rakaoma rekudzora saizi yezvikamu rinova risina basa kana huwandu hwekusachena hwacho hwakanyanya. Pari zvino, indasitiri iri kugadzira zvakanyanya michina yekukuya ne liner isingaparare, uye ichivandudza maumbirwo emidziyo, zvese izvi kuti ikwanise kurwisa "ingwe yakaoma" iyi.
Ingwe yechipiri ndiyo "mutemo wekukwezva" munyika yehupfu hwakatsetseka - agglomeration. Kana zvidimbu zvakatetepa, nzvimbo chaiyo yepamusoro yakakura, uye simba repamusoro rakakwirira; zvinowanzo "kuungana pamwe chete." Kuungana uku kunogona kuva "kuungana kwakapfava" (kwakabatanidzwa pamwe chete nemasimba epakati pemamorekuru, akadai semasimba evan der Waals, ari nyore kupatsanura), kana "kubatana kwakasimba" kunotyisa (apo panguva yekupwanya kana calcination, nzvimbo dzezvidimbu dzinonyunguduka zvishoma kana kuita maitiro emakemikari, dzichibatanidza pamwe chete zvakasimba). Kana zvidimbu zve agglomerates zvaumbwa, zvinoonekwa se "zvidimbu zvikuru" muzvishandiso zvekuongorora saizi yezvidimbu, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya maonero ako; mukushandiswa kunoshanda, senge mukupukuta mvura, zvidimbu izvi ndizvo "zvinokanganisa" zvinokwenya pamusoro pebasa. Kugadzirisa agglomeration idambudziko repasi rose. Kunze kwekuwedzera zvinowedzerwa uye kugadzirisa maitiro panguva yekupwanya, nzira ine simba ndeyekugadzirisa pamusoro pehupfu, ichipa "chifukidziro" chekuderedza simba repamusoro uye kudzivirira kuti isaramba ichida "kuungana pamwe chete."
Ⅲ. Ingwe yechitatu ndiyo kusava nechokwadi kuripo mu "kuyera."
Unoziva sei kuti saizi yezvikamu yawakadzora ndiyo yaunofunga kuti ndiyo? Vaongorori vehukuru hwezvikamu ndivo maziso edu, asi misimboti yakasiyana yekuyera (laser diffraction, sedimentation, image analysis), uye kunyange nzira dzakasiyana dzekupararira kwesample pasi pemutemo mumwe chete, zvinogona kupa mhedzisiro yakasiyana zvikuru. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune hupfu hwakatoungana; kana kupararira kwakakodzera kusati kwaitwa kusati kwayerwa (semuenzaniso, kuwedzera ma dispersants, ultrasound treatment), data rakawanikwa harizovi mamiriro chaiwo. Pasina kuyerwa kwakavimbika, kutonga kwakarurama kunongova kutaura kusina maturo.
Pasinei nematambudziko aya, indasitiri iri kuramba ichitsvaga mhinduro. Semuenzaniso, kunatswa uye huchenjeri hwemaitiro ese inyaya huru. Kuburikidza nemidziyo yekutarisa saizi yezvikamu online, mhinduro yedata renguva chaiyo uye kugadziriswa otomatiki kwema parameter ekupwanya nekupatsanura zvinotungamira kune maitiro akagadzikana. Uyezve, tekinoroji yekugadzirisa pamusoro iri kugamuchira kutariswa kuri kuwedzera, haisisiri "mushonga" mushure meizvozvo, asi yakabatanidzwa mumaitiro ese ekugadzirira, ichidzvinyirira agglomeration kubva kunobva uye ichivandudza kupararira kweupfu uye kuenderana kwayo nehurongwa hwekushandisa. III. Kudanwa Kwemashandisirwo: Saizi yezvikamu inova sei "Dombo reMuzivi"?
Sei uchifanira kushandisa simba rakawanda kudaro kudzora saizi yezvikamu? Kutarisa mashandisirwo azvinoita kunoita kuti zvive pachena. Munyaya yekukuya nekupukuta nemazvo, sekupukuta masikirini esapphire nemawafer esilicon, kupararira kwehukuru hwezvikamu zve green silicon carbide micro-powder inzira "yehupenyu." Zvinoda kupararira kwakamanikana uye kwakafanana kwehukuru hwezvikamu, kusina "zvikamu zvakakura" (zvinonziwo "zvikamu zvinokuvadza" kana "zvikamu zvinouraya"), zvikasadaro kukwenya kamwe chete kwakadzama kunogona kuparadza workpiece yese inodhura. Panguva imwe chete, upfu haufanirwe kunge uine ma agglomerates akaomarara, zvikasadaro kushanda kwekupukuta kuchava kwakaderera, uye kupenya kwepamusoro hakuzogutsi. Pano, kutonga kwehukuru hwezvikamu kunochengetwa zvakasimba pa nanoscale.
Muzvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro zvinoramba kushanda, zvakaita semidziyo yeceramic kiln uye machira emoto anodziya zvakanyanya, kutonga kwehukuru hwezvikamu kunotarisa pa "kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvikamu." Zvikamu zvakakora uye zvakapfava zvinosanganiswa muchikamu chakati; zvikamu zvakakora zvinoumba furemu, uye zvikamu zvidiki zvinozadza mipata. Izvi zvinobvumira kupiswa kwakasimba uye kwakasimba pakupisa kwakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuramba kwakanaka kwekupisa. Kana kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvikamu kusina musoro, zvinhu zvacho zvichave zvine maburi uye zvisingagare kwenguva refu, kana kuti zvichave zvakapfava uye zvinokurumidza kutsemuka. Mumunda wezvigadzirwa zveceramics zvakakosha, zvakaita seceramics dzisingapindi bulletproof uye sealing rings dzisingapfeki, hukuru hwezvinhu zveupfu hunokanganisa zvakananga magadzirirwo e microstructure uye mashandiro ekupedzisira mushure mekupiswa. Zvikamu zveupfu zvakapfava uye zvakafanana zvine basa guru rekupiswa, zvichibvumira kuti ceramics dzegrain dziwedzere kusimba uye dzive dzakapfava pakupisa kwakaderera, nokudaro zvichivandudza zvakanyanya simba radzo nekusimba. Pano, hukuru hwezvinhu ndicho chakavanzika che "kusimbisa" zvinhu zveceramic.