Nzwisisa zvakadzama maitiro ekugadzira upfu hwebrown corundum
Yakamira mamita matatu kubva pachoto chemagetsi, kupisa kwakaputirwa nekunhuhwirira kwesimbi yakatsva kunokurova kumeso - slurry yebauxite iri pamazinga anopfuura 2200 degrees muchoto iri kutenderera nemabubbles matsvuku egoridhe. Nyanzvi yekare Lao Li akapukuta ziya rake ndokuti: “Waona? Kana chinhu chacho chiri foshoro imwe chete pasina marasha, tembiricha yechoto ichaderera nemadhigirii makumi matatu, uyecorundum yebrown rinobuda richaoma semabhisikiti.” Hari iyi ine "simbi yakanyungudutswa" iri kufashaira ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yekuzvarwa kweupfu hwebrown corundum.
1. Kunyungudutsa: Basa rakaoma rekubvisa "jade" kubva mumoto
Izwi rekuti "hasha" rakanyorwa mumapfupa ebrown corundum, uye hunhu uhwu hwakanatswa muchoto chemagetsi che arc:
Zvinhu zvirimo zvakafanana nemushonga: hwaro hwebauxite (Al₂O₃>85%), chinhu chinoderedza anthracite, uye mafoshoro esimbi anofanira kusaswa se "mugadziri wezvinhu" - kana asina kunyunguduka, ma silicate etsvina haagone kucheneswa. Mabhuku ehuwandu hwemafekitori ekare muHenan Province ese akasakara: "Marasha akawandisa anoreva kabhoni yakawanda uye dema, nepo simbi shoma ichireva tsvina yakakora uye kuunganidza"
Chakavanzika chechoto chakatsveyama: Muviri wechoto wakatsveyama pakona ye15-degree kuti kunyunguduka kuite sekwakasiyana, chikamu chezasi chealumina yakachena chinonamira kuita brown corundum, uye chikamu chepamusoro cheferrosilicon slag chinobviswa. Mukuru wekare akashandisa pick refu kuti aise sampling port, uye madonhwe akanyunguduka akapfava uye chikamu chakatsveyama chakaita brown yakasviba: "Ruvara urwu rwakarurama! Chiedza chebhuruu chinoratidza kuti titanium yakakwira, uye chiedza chegrey chinoreva kuti silicon haina kubviswa zvachose"
Kutonhodza nekukurumidza ndiko kunosarudza mhedzisiro: kunyunguduka kunodururwa mugomba rakadzika uye kunodururwa nemvura inotonhora kuti "iputike" kuita zvidimbu, uye utsi hwemvura hunoita ruzha rwakaita sepopcorn. Kutonhodza nekukurumidza kunovhara zvikanganiso zve lattice, uye kuomarara kwacho kwakakwira ne30% kupfuura kutonhodza kwechisikigo - kungofanana nekudzima bakatwa, kiyi yacho "inokurumidza"
2. Kupwanya nekuumba: hunyanzvi hwekuumba "varume vakasimba"
Kuomarara kwebhokisi rebrown corundum riri kubuda muovheni kwakafanana nekuomarara kwemadhaimaniZvinotora nguva yakawanda kuti zviitwe "musoja wepamusoro" ane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro-soro:
Kuvhura kwakaoma kwemuchina wekupwanya shaya
Purati yejasi rehydraulic "inopwanya" uye bhokisi rakakura sebasketball rakatyoka kuita walnuts. Mushandi Xiao Zhang akanongedzera pachidzitiro ndokunyunyuta achiti: "Nguva yekupedzisira chidhinha chisina simba chakasanganiswa, uye purati yejasi yakatyora mukaha. Chikwata chekugadzirisa chakanditevera ndokundituka kwemazuva matatu"
Kushanduka kwemuchina webhora
Chigayo chebhora chakazara nematombo egranite, uye mabhora esimbi akarova mabhuroko sevatambi vane simba. Mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana ekukuya nguva dzose, upfu hwakasvibira hwakakora hwakabuda mugomba rekubuditsa. "Pane hunyanzvi pano," nyanzvi yakadzvanya pane control panel: "Kana kumhanya kukadarika 35 rpm, zvidimbu zvichakuyiwa kuita tsono; kana zviri pasi pe28 rpm, mipendero ichave yakapinza zvakanyanya."
Kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki kweBarmac
Mutsetse wekugadzira wepamusoro unoratidza kadhi rayo guru - Barmac vertical shaft impact crusher. Chinhu chacho chinopwanywa nekuzvirovera pasi pedhiraivha yerotor inomhanya, uye hupfu hudiki hunogadzirwa hwakaita denderedzwa sematombo erwizi. Fekitori yemavhiri ekukuya muZhejiang Province yakayerwa: nekuda kwehupfu hudiki hwakafanana, nzira yechinyakare ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe1.75g/cm³, nepo nzira yeBarmac ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe1.92g/cm³! VaLi vakamonyorora muenzaniso ndokugomera vachiti: "Kare, fekitori yemavhiri ekukuya yaigara ichinyunyuta nezvekusayerera kwehupfu, asi ikozvino iri kunyunyuta kuti kumhanya kwekuzadza kwacho kwakanyanya kukurumidza kuti ienderane nahwo."
3. Kuyera uye kuchenesa: kuvhima kwakarurama munyika yema microns
Kuisa zvidimbu zvebvudzi muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana muchikamu chimwe nechimwe kunopesana nepfungwa yekushanda kwebvudzi:
Chakavanzika chekupatsanurwa kwemhepo
Mhepo yakamanikidzwa ye0.7MPa inopinda mukamuri ine upfu, uye kumhanya kweimpeller kunosarudza "mutsetse wekupinda": 8000 rpm inovhara W40 (40μm), uye 12000 rpm inovhara W10 (10μm). "Ndinotya zvikuru hunyoro hwakawandisa", mukuru weworkshop akanongedzera kunhare yekubvisa hunyoro: "Mwedzi wapera, condenser yakaburitsa fluorine, uye upfu hudiki hwakaungana ndokuvhara pombi. Zvakatora mashifiti matatu kuti icheneswe."
Banga rakapfava rekupatsanura hydraulic
Kune hupfu hwakatsetseka huri pasi peW5, kuyerera kwemvura kunova nzira yekupatsanura. Mvura yakachena iri mubhaketi rekuyera inosimudza hupfu hwakatsetseka pachiyero chekuyerera kwe0.5m/s, uye zvidimbu zvakakora zvinotanga kugadzika. Mushandi anotarisa mita yekutenderera: "Kana chiyero chekuyerera chiri 0.1m/s nekukurumidza, hafu yehupfu hweW3 ichabuda; kana huri 0.1m/s zvishoma nezvishoma, W10 ichasangana uye inokonzera matambudziko."
Hondo yakavanzika yekuparadzaniswa kwemagineti uye kubviswa kwesimbi
Chinotenderera chine simba remagineti chinobvisa mafirita esimbi nesimba rekusveta re12,000 gauss, asi hachina simba pakurwisa mapoinzi esimbi. Nzira huru yefekitori yeShandong ndeyekuti: nyorovesa neoxalic acid usati waisa mufiriji, shandura Fe₂O₃ yakaoma kuita soluble ferrous oxalate, uye huwandu hwesimbi hunobva musimbi hunoderera kubva pa0.8% kusvika pa0.15%.
4. Pkukwenya uye kukora: "kuzvarwa patsva" kwezvisimbiso
Kana uchidahupfu hwebrown corundum micropowderKuti ugone kutsungirira bvunzo iri muvhiri rinopisa zvakanyanya, unofanirwa kupasa bvunzo mbiri dzehupenyu nerufu:
Dialectics ye pickling ine acid-base
Mabhurumu ari mutangi rehydrochloric acid anonyungudutsa tsvina yesimbi, uye kudzora kuwanda kwechinhu kwakafanana nekufamba patambo yakasimba: pasi pe15% havagoni kuchenesa ngura, uye vanopfuura 22% vanoparadza muviri wealumina. Lao Li akasimudza bepa rekuyedza rePH kuti ape ruzivo: "Paunenge uchichenesa nekusuka alkaline, unofanirwa kudzvanya PH=7.5 nemazvo. Asidhi inokonzera maburrs pamakristaro, uye alkaline ichaita kuti pamusoro pezvikamu zvive upfu."
Chidzitiro chekupisa che calcination
Mushure mekunyungudutsa mu 1450℃/6 maawa muchoto chinotenderera, tsvina ye ilmenite inoora kuita rutile phase, uye kudzivirira kupisa kwe micropowder kunokwira ne300℃. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekukwegura kwe thermocouple yeimwe fekitori, tembiricha chaiyo yakadarika 1550℃, uye hupfu hwese hwe micro powder hwakabuda muchoto hwakanyikwa kuita "makeke esame" - matani makumi matatu emidziyo akaraswa zvakananga, uye director wefekitori akashungurudzika zvekuti akatsika-tsika tsoka dzake.
Mhedziso: Kuyevedza kwemaindasitiri pakati pemamirimita
Muworkshop yemasikati, michina ichiri kurira. Lao Li akapukuta guruva pahembe dzake dzebasa ndokuti: “Mushure mekushanda muindasitiri iyi kwemakore makumi matatu, ndakazonzwisisa kuti hupfu hwakanaka hwema micro hunoita kuti '70% igadziriswe uye 30% hupenyu' - zvinhu ndizvo hwaro, kupwanya kunoenderana nekunzwisisa, uye kuyera kunoenderana nekungwarira.” Kubva pabauxite kusvika kuhupfu hudiki hwe nano-scale, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kunogara kuchitenderera munzvimbo nhatu: kuchena (kutsvaira nekubviswa kwetsvina), chimiro (kuumba Barmac), uye saizi yezvikamu (kuyera kwakanyatsojeka).